Script
Gantt chart time management presents: Huntington's disease and you
Huntington's disease, a neuron's nightmare. Huntington’s disease is a genetic disorder that breaks down nerve cells in the brain, affecting their mental and physical abilities.
If you don’t know if you have Huntington’s disease look for TIPID; Tremors, Involuntary movement, Irritability, Paranoia, and Delirium.
Generally people don't experience the effects until adulthood, so it is rare to detect symptoms in childhood. Take Timmy for example, hello Timmy.
Timmy: Hiya sir!
Narrator: Does your father have Huntington's disease?
Timmy: He sure does.
Narrator: Little does Timmy know that he has a 50/50 chance of having the disease though his father’s genetics.
Timmy: Genetics?
Narrator: Why of course Timmy! Your father has this special part in his DNA called the HTT gene. The HTT gene causes a pattern of cytosine, adenine, and guanine segments in his DNA to repeat 36 to more than 120 times, where with people without huntington's disease only have the segments repeat 10 to 35 times.
Timmy: That sounds good, more DNA means he has more life.
Narrator: (chuckle) Oh Timmy, you couldn't be farther from right. You see, with DNA that has that many repeats means that the disease will surely develop. You will have 15-20 years to live after symptoms develop.
Timmy: Is there a cure for Hunter's disease?
Narrator: There is no such cure, nor is there a treatment… yet. Now run along Timmy, go play baseball with your pals.
Timmy: But-
*Hard cut*
Narrator (now on screen): Hello, I’m Timothy Timmerson, you may recognize me from such instructional films like “Run away from the Vegan”, “How to construct a sacrificial altar in 6 easy steps ”, and “ What’s happening down there? It’s probably Polio.” Let's get into depth with what's involved in Huntington's Disease. With Timmy’s dad, Tim, as an example
The HTT gene in Tim’s DNA gives special instructions for making a protein called Huntingtin. Not to be confused with Huntington, the disease itself. Although the exact function of this protein is unknown, it appears to play an important role in neurons in the brain and is important for normal development.
Protein synthesis involves two steps: transcription and Translation. Transcription is when the cell makes a copy of the DNA. An enzyme called RNA Polymerase unzips the DNA and makes a copy of a single side of the DNA. This, after undergoing some intron splicing that gets rid of unwanted information, results in mRNA. The mRNA moves into the cytoplasm, and to a ribosome located on the endoplasmic reticulum. This type of RNA is called the "messenger" "begin" sequence. Every set of three nucleotides is called a codon The tRNA, containing the complement to the codons (called anti-codons) moves down the strand of RNA. Every three letters represents another amino acid molecule that is added RNA. The ribosome builds a string of amino acids based on the codes in the mRNA. When the ribosome sees the "stop" code, it ends the translation and the polypeptide chain is complete.
Now, this is only the first part of the 4 step process. The second part involves combining polypeptide chains into either alpha helixes or beta sheets.
Once this is done, these all come together to form domains, complex 3-D structures.
The 4th part of the protein synthesis process is where domains come together to form the protein. After it is formed, it is transported by the golgi apparatus so that the protein can perform its function.
However, with huntington’s disease, it is a different story. The longer polypeptide chain produces a protein that is deformed, and does not function properly. Cells in the brain die quickly, and death comes soon after.
Once again, I’m Timothy Timmerson, see me in my next film of “ Walk it off, you’re only paralyzed: Car crash victims guide to recuperating ”
Huntington's disease, a neuron's nightmare. Huntington’s disease is a genetic disorder that breaks down nerve cells in the brain, affecting their mental and physical abilities.
If you don’t know if you have Huntington’s disease look for TIPID; Tremors, Involuntary movement, Irritability, Paranoia, and Delirium.
Generally people don't experience the effects until adulthood, so it is rare to detect symptoms in childhood. Take Timmy for example, hello Timmy.
Timmy: Hiya sir!
Narrator: Does your father have Huntington's disease?
Timmy: He sure does.
Narrator: Little does Timmy know that he has a 50/50 chance of having the disease though his father’s genetics.
Timmy: Genetics?
Narrator: Why of course Timmy! Your father has this special part in his DNA called the HTT gene. The HTT gene causes a pattern of cytosine, adenine, and guanine segments in his DNA to repeat 36 to more than 120 times, where with people without huntington's disease only have the segments repeat 10 to 35 times.
Timmy: That sounds good, more DNA means he has more life.
Narrator: (chuckle) Oh Timmy, you couldn't be farther from right. You see, with DNA that has that many repeats means that the disease will surely develop. You will have 15-20 years to live after symptoms develop.
Timmy: Is there a cure for Hunter's disease?
Narrator: There is no such cure, nor is there a treatment… yet. Now run along Timmy, go play baseball with your pals.
Timmy: But-
*Hard cut*
Narrator (now on screen): Hello, I’m Timothy Timmerson, you may recognize me from such instructional films like “Run away from the Vegan”, “How to construct a sacrificial altar in 6 easy steps ”, and “ What’s happening down there? It’s probably Polio.” Let's get into depth with what's involved in Huntington's Disease. With Timmy’s dad, Tim, as an example
The HTT gene in Tim’s DNA gives special instructions for making a protein called Huntingtin. Not to be confused with Huntington, the disease itself. Although the exact function of this protein is unknown, it appears to play an important role in neurons in the brain and is important for normal development.
Protein synthesis involves two steps: transcription and Translation. Transcription is when the cell makes a copy of the DNA. An enzyme called RNA Polymerase unzips the DNA and makes a copy of a single side of the DNA. This, after undergoing some intron splicing that gets rid of unwanted information, results in mRNA. The mRNA moves into the cytoplasm, and to a ribosome located on the endoplasmic reticulum. This type of RNA is called the "messenger" "begin" sequence. Every set of three nucleotides is called a codon The tRNA, containing the complement to the codons (called anti-codons) moves down the strand of RNA. Every three letters represents another amino acid molecule that is added RNA. The ribosome builds a string of amino acids based on the codes in the mRNA. When the ribosome sees the "stop" code, it ends the translation and the polypeptide chain is complete.
Now, this is only the first part of the 4 step process. The second part involves combining polypeptide chains into either alpha helixes or beta sheets.
Once this is done, these all come together to form domains, complex 3-D structures.
The 4th part of the protein synthesis process is where domains come together to form the protein. After it is formed, it is transported by the golgi apparatus so that the protein can perform its function.
However, with huntington’s disease, it is a different story. The longer polypeptide chain produces a protein that is deformed, and does not function properly. Cells in the brain die quickly, and death comes soon after.
Once again, I’m Timothy Timmerson, see me in my next film of “ Walk it off, you’re only paralyzed: Car crash victims guide to recuperating ”
Protein Synthesis
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TranscriptionTranscription is the process in which the mRNA is copied from the DNA template in the nucleus.
DNA
DNA is short for deoxyribonucleic acid. Its structure is a double helix, with each strand being composed of a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogen base being bonded by phosphodiester bonds. The suagar and phosphate form the sugar phosphate backbone. The four types of bases in DNA produce nucleotides in two groups: Purines (Guanine and Cytosine) and Pyrimidines (Adenine and Thymine) that bond together in hydrogen bonds. The bonded pairs are called base pairs. DNA contains the information necessary for protein synthesis mRNA
There are several types of RNA, but they all have the same basic structure. RNA is essentially a single strand of DNA, but has ribose sugars instead. One type involved with protein synthesis is mRNA (Messenger RNA) . It is copy of the DNA and is the template for polypeptide chain. Protein
Proteins are a macromolecule, and are extremely important. Their main function are as enzymes, as they catalyze many processes in the cell. Its monomer are amino acids. |
Translation
Translation is the process in which a mRNA chain is translated into a polypeptide chain.
Ribosome
Ribosomes are an organelle located on the endoplasmic reticulum. Their main purpose is to provide a site for protein synthesis. tRNA
tRNA is a form of RNA that is responsible for transporting amino acids. They contain anti-condons that match with the codons on the mRNA. Once matched, they place their amino acid on another one, forming the polypeptide chain. Codon/Anti-Codon
A codon is a set of three nucleotides on the mRNA, that code for a specific amino acid. Anti-Codons on the tRNA match up with the mRNA and place the appropriate amino acid. Amino Acid
Amino acids are the monomer for proteins. They are composed of a carbon atom, a carboxyl group, and a side chain that determines the function of the protein. When combined through peptide bonds into a polypeptide chain, it forms the primary stage of a protein. Polypeptide Chain
A polypeptide chain determines the basic function of the protein, and is the primary stage of a protein. They are composed of amino acids. |
Reflection
Over the course of the project, there were a couple of conclusions that I have drawn. This group was very experienced in terms of working together. This resulted in a project that was a culmination of many ideas. In contrast to previous products, the large amount of ideas that were generated did not result in any additional confusion. This was due to the group culture that was a low-stress environment. Another positive of the group was the use of the expertise of specific people. This means that everybody contributed to in their categories of strength (i.e. film editing or artistic design). However, with any group, there were some issues. We were plagued with absent members. During some days, half the group was absent. On a typical day, only 3/4 of the group was there. This created some management issues, among other things. Another problem was the lack of understating of the concept being presented by some people in the group, which created slight problems. This could easily be resolved with a review session.